2026年7月24日，欧盟官方公报正式发布(EU)2026/1738《车辆循环设计要求与报废车辆管理法规》（下称《新ELV法规》），除专项条款另行安排实施时间外，法规主体条款将于2028年9月1日正式施行。本次新规实现由旧ELV指令、RRR指令向欧盟条例的重大转型，其中附件IV有害物质限制豁免清单相比旧版框架完成系统性调整，豁免条目、适用边界、时间分界与管控体系均出现关键更新，直接影响整车及零部件材料选型合规，是出口欧盟车企需重点落地的合规工作。
本次Annex IV核心更新聚焦管控体系升级与豁免规则收紧，重点变化如下：首先，基础管控维度优化，法规维持铅、汞、镉、六价铬四类核心重金属限值不变，新增车辆关注物质（SoC）管控机制，欧盟将在2028年2月14日前完成相关物质风险评估，后续或将扩充有害物质管控范围，进一步收紧车辆环保合规要求。
其次，多项有害物质豁免规则迎来重大调整：
一是铝合金铅豁免精准收紧、新增再生料豁免，非机加工铝合金铅豁免截止至2027年1月1日，机加工铝合金豁免维持至2028年1月1日，同时2026年12月31日后新认证车型及备件，允许再生含铅铝废料制成的铸造铝合金铅含量最高0.3%；
二是删除电池有害物质豁免条目，电池合规全面移交(EU)2023/1542欧盟电池法规管控；
三是电子器件焊料铅豁免加严，相关电器件焊料铅豁免期限缩短至2030年1月1日，过渡期大幅压缩。
Materials and components 材料及部件 | Scope and expiry date of the exemption 豁免的范围和有效期 | To be labelled or made identifiable in accordance with Article 4(2), point (b)(iv) 根据第4(2)条(b)(iv)点进行标记或使其可识别 | ||
Lead as an alloying element 铅作为合金元 | ||||
1(a). Steel for machining purposes and batch hot dip galvanised steel components containing up to 0,35 % lead by weight 含铅0.35%（重量比）的用于加工目的的钢和批量热镀锌钢部件 | ||||
1(b).Continuously galvanised steel sheet containing up to 0,35 % lead by weight 含铅0.35%（重量比）的连续镀锌钢板 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | |||
2(a). Aluminium for machining purposes with a lead content up to 2% by weight 含铅2%（重量比）的用于机械加工的铝 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2005 2005年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
2(b). Aluminium with a lead content up to 1,5 % by weight 含铅1.5%（重量比）的铝 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2008 2008年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
2(c)(i). Aluminium alloys for machining purposes with a lead content up to 0,4 % by weight 含铅0.4%（质量计）用于加工的铝合金 | Vehicles type-approved before 1 January 2028 and spare parts for these vehicles 2028 年 1 月 1 日前完成型式认证的车辆，以及适用于该类车辆的备件 | |||
2(c)(ii). Aluminium alloys not included in entry 2(c)(i) with a lead content up to 0,4% by weight (2) 不在2(c)(i)条范围内含铅0.4%的铝合金 | 2027 年 1 月 1 日之前完成型式认证的车辆，以及适用于该类车辆的备件 | |||
2(c)(iii).Aluminium casting alloys containing up to 0,3 % lead by weight provided that the lead stems from lead-bearing aluminium scrap recycling 2 (c)(iii) 含铅量最高可达质量分数0.3%的铸造铝合金，前提是铅组分来源于含铅铝废料回收再生。 | 2026 年 12 月 31 日之后完成型式认证的车辆，以及该类车辆所用备件。 | |||
3. Copper alloys containing up to 4% lead by weight 含铅4%（质量计）的铜合金 | (1) | |||
4(a). Bearing shells and bushes 轴承外壳和衬套 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2008 2008年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
4(b). Bearing shells and bushes in engines,transmissions and air conditioning compressors 发动机、变速箱及空调压缩机所用轴瓦与衬套 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2011 2011 年 7 月 1 日之前投放市场车辆所使用的备件 | |||
Lead and lead compounds in components 组件中的铅及其化合物 | ||||
5(a). Lead in batteries in high-voltage systems(4) that are used only for propulsion in M1 and N1 vehicles 仅用于M1和N1车辆推进的高压系统(4)中电池中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2019 and spare parts for these vehicles 2019年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | 删除 | ||
5(b)(i).Lead in batteries: (1)used in 12V applications (2)used in 24 V applications in special purpose vehicles as defined in Article 3 of Regulation (EU) 2018/858 (7) of the European Parliament and of the Council 5(b)(i).电池中使用的铅 (1)12V电池中使用的铅 (2) 根据欧洲议会和理事会法规(EU) 2018/858(7)第3条的定义，在特殊用途车辆中24V电池使用的铅 | 删除 | 删除 | ||
5(b)(ii).Lead in batteries used in applications not included in entry 5(a) or entry 5(b)(i) 5(b)(ii)应用在电池中使用的铅不包括在5(a)或5(b)(i) | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2024 and spare parts for these vehicles 2024年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | 删除 | ||
6. Vibration dampers 减震器 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X | ||
7(a). Vulcanising agents and stabilisers for elastomers in brake hoses, fuel hoses, air ventilation hoses, elastomer/metal parts in the chassis applications, and engine mountings 硫化剂和稳定剂，被用于刹车软管、燃料软管、通风软管的弹性材料，以及底盘和引擎支撑的弹性材料/金属部分 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2005 2005年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
7(b). Vulcanising agents and stabilisers for elastomers in brake hoses, fuel hoses, air ventilation hoses, elastomer/metal parts in the chassis applications, and engine mountings containing up to 0,5 % lead by weight 含铅0.5%（重量比）的硫化剂和稳定剂，被用于刹车软管、燃料软管、通风软管的弹性材料，以及底盘和引擎支撑的弹性材料/金属部分 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2006 2006年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
7(c). Bonding agents for elastomers in powertrain applications containing up to 0,5 % lead by weight , 含铅0.5%（重量比）的用于传动系统的弹性体粘合剂 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2009 2009年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
8(a). Lead in solders to attach electrical and electronic components to electronic circuit boards and lead in finishes on terminations of components other than electrolyte aluminium capacitors, on component pins and on electronic circuit boards 连接电气电子元件到电子线路板上的焊料中的铅，以及零件终端（除电解铝电容器）、元件引脚和电子线路板的表面处理中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(3) | ||
8(b). Lead in solders in electrical applications other than soldering on electronic circuit boards or on glass 用于电气设备的焊料中的铅，除电子线路板或玻璃的焊料 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2011 and spare parts for these vehicles 2011年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(3) | ||
8(c). Lead in finishes on terminals of electrolyte aluminium capacitors 电解铝电容器终端的表面处理中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2013 and spare parts for these vehicles 2013年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(3) | ||
8(d). Lead used in soldering on glass in mass airflow sensors 用于大规模气流传感器中的玻璃中焊料的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2015 and spare parts of these vehicles 2015年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(3) | ||
8(e). Lead in high melting temperature type solders (i.e. lead-based alloys containing 85% by weight or more lead) 高熔点焊料中的铅（也就是含铅量大于等于85%的铅基合金） | (1) | X(3) | ||
8(f)(i). Lead in compliant pin connector systems 顺应针连接器系统中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2017 and spare parts for these vehicles 2017年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(3) | ||
8(f)(ii). Lead in compliant pin connector systems other than the mating area of vehicle harness connectors 车辆线束连接器除外的顺应针连接器中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2024 and spare parts for these vehicles 2024年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(3) | ||
8(g)(i). Lead in solders to complete a viable electrical connection between semiconductor die and carrier within integrated circuit flip chip packages 集成电路倒装芯片封装中，用于完成半导体模具和载体之间可行的电气连接的焊料中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 October 2022 and spare parts for these vehicles 2022年10月1日之前批准的车辆类型和这些车辆的备件 | X(3) | ||
8(g)(ii). Lead in solders to complete a viable electrical connection between the semiconductor die and the carrier within integrated circuit flip chip packages where that electrical connection consists of any of the following: (1) a semiconductor technology node of 90 nm or larger; (2) a single die of 300 mm₂ or larger in any semiconductor technology node; (3) stacked die packages with dies of 300 mm₂ or larger, or silicon interposers of 300mm₂ or larger. 在集成电路倒装芯片封装中，用于完成半导体模具和载体之间可行的电气连接的焊料中的铅，该电气连接包括以下任何一种: (1) 90纳米及以上的半导体技术节点; (2)在任何半导体技术节点中使用300 mm2或更大的单个晶片; (3) 300mm2以上模具或300 mm2以上硅插片的堆叠模组。 | (1)Vehicles type-approved before 1 January 2030 and spare parts for such vehicles (1) 2030 年 1 月 1 日之前完成型式认证的车辆，以及适用于该类车辆的备件 | X(3) | ||
8(h). Lead in solder to attach heat spreaders to the heat sink in power semiconductor assemblies with a chip size of at least 1 cm² of projection area and a nominal current density of at least 1 A/mm2 of silicon chip area 芯片投影尺寸至少25px 2并且硅片区域标称电流密度至少1A/mm 2 的功率半导体组件中焊接散热器与散热片的焊料 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该日期后作为该类车辆的零配件 | X(3) | ||
8(i). Lead in solders in electrical glazing applications on glass except for soldering in laminated glazing 玻璃电釉应用中焊料中的铅，不包括层压玻璃焊料 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该日期后作为该类车辆的零配件 | X(3) | ||
8(j). Lead in solders for soldering of laminated glazing 层压玻璃焊料中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2020 and spare parts for these vehicles 2020年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该日期后作为该类车辆的零配件 | X(3) | ||
8(k). Soldering of heating applications with 0,5A or more of heat current per related solder joint to single panes of laminated glazings not exceeding wall thickness of 2,1 mm. This exemption does not cover soldering to contacts embedded in the intermediate polymer. 每个相关焊点的热流为0.5 a或以上的加热设备，可焊接到壁厚不超过2.1mm的单层层压玻璃上。此豁免不包括焊接嵌入中间聚合物的触点。 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2024 and spare parts for these vehicles 2024年1月1日前批准的车辆类型和这些车辆的备件 | X(3) | ||
9. Valve seats 气门座 | As spare parts for engine types developed before 1 July 2003 2003年7月1日前开发的发动机机型的零配件 | |||
10(a).Electrical and electronic components, which contain lead in a glass or ceramic, in a glass or ceramic matrix compound, in a glass-ceramic material, or in a glass-ceramic matrix compound. This exemption does not cover the use of lead in: (i) glass in bulbs and glaze of spark plugs, (ii) dielectric ceramic materials of components listed under 10(b), 10(c) and 10(d). 由含铅的玻璃材料、陶瓷材料或玻璃陶瓷基复合材料或微晶玻璃材料或微晶玻璃基复合材料所制成的电子电气设备。 以下含铅的使用不在豁免范围内： (i) 灯泡的玻璃和火花塞的釉面 (ii) 以下10(b),10(c)和10(d)所列出的介电陶瓷材料的零部件 | X(4) (for components other than piezo in engines) X(4)(用于发动机中压电元件以外的部件) | |||
10(b). Lead in PZT based dielectric ceramic materials of capacitors being part of integrated circuits or discrete semiconductors 集成电路或离散半导体中的电容器，其基于电介质陶瓷材料的压电陶瓷中的铅 | ||||
10(c). Lead in dielectric ceramic materials of capacitors with a rated voltage of less than 125V AC or 250V DC 额定电压低于125伏特交流电或250伏特直流电的电容器，其电介质陶瓷材料中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | |||
10(d). Lead in the dielectric ceramic materials of capacitors compensating the temperature-related deviations of sensors in ultrasonic sonar systems 平衡超声波声纳系统中的温度差异传感器的电容器，其电介质陶瓷材料中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2017 and spare parts for these vehicles 2017年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该日期后作为该类车辆的零配件 | |||
11. Pyrotechnic initiators 点火装置 | Vehicles type approved before 1 July 2006 and spare parts for these vehicles 2006年7月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | |||
12.Lead-containing thermoelectric materials in automotive electrical applications to reduce CO2 emissions by recuperation of exhaust heat 汽车电子应用中通过回收废热来减少二氧化碳排放的的含铅热电材料 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2019 and spare parts for these vehicles 2019年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X | ||
Hexavalent chromium 六价铬 | ||||
13(a). Corrosion preventive coatings 防腐涂层 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2007 2007年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
13(b). Corrosion preventive coatings related to bolt and nut assemblies for chassis applications 底盘上应用的有关螺母和螺钉的防腐涂层 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2008 2008年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
14.Hexavalent chromium as an anti-corrosion agent of the carbon steel cooling system in absorption refrigerators up to 0,75 % by weight in the cooling solution: (a) designed to operate fully or partly with electrical heater, having an average utilised electrical power input < 75W at constant running conditions; (b) designed to operate fully or partly with electrical heater, having an average utilised electrical power input ≥ 75W at constant running conditions; (c) designed to fully operate with non-electrical heater. 六价铬作为吸收式冰箱中碳钢冷却系统的防腐剂，在冷却溶液中含量不超过0.75%： (a) 设计为完全或部分与电加热器一起运行，在恒定运行条件下，平均利用电功率输入<75W； (b) 设计为完全或部分与电加热器一起运行，具有平均利用电功率输入≥ 恒定运行条件下为75W； (c) 设计用于与非电加热器一起完全运行。 | For (i): Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2020 and spare parts for these vehicles For (ii): Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2026 and spare parts for these vehicles 对于 (i)：2020年1月1日之前批准的车辆类型和这些车辆的备件 对于 (ii)：2026年1月1日之前批准的车辆类型和这些车辆的备件 | X | ||
Mercury 汞 | ||||
15(a). Discharge lamps for headlight application 前照灯用的放电灯 | Vehicles type approved before 1 July 2012 and spare parts for these vehicles 2012年7月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该等车辆的零配件 | X | ||
15(b). Fluorescent tubes used in instrument panel displays 仪器面板显示器使用的日光灯 | Vehicles type approved before 1 July 2012 and spare parts for these vehicles 2012年7月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该等车辆的零配件 | X | ||
Cadmium 镉 | ||||
16. Batteries for electrical vehicles 电动汽车用电池 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 31 December 2008 2008年12月31日前上市的车辆零配件 | 删除 | ||
针对本次Annex IV清单重大更新，出口欧盟车企需提前布局、精准合规，落地针对性应对措施：第一，建立分时间节点的物料合规管控台账，按2026年、2027年、2028年、2030年多个关键时间红线，梳理铝合金、电子焊料、电池等核心零部件合规边界，及时淘汰到期豁免物料。第二，优化供应链管理，针对再生铸造铝合金专项豁免，搭建再生铝溯源体系，留存废料来源、含量检测等合规凭证，杜绝人为加铅，满足新规再生料杂质豁免要求。第三，同步对标欧盟电池法规，完成车载电池物料合规整改，摒弃旧ELV电池豁免条款，实现双法规合规衔接。第四，提前布局关注物质（SoC）排查，提前筛查高风险物质，建立物料风险储备机制，应对后续管控范围扩容。第五，同步迭代新车型研发与存量车型整改，新认证车型严格适配新版豁免规则，存量车型做好过渡期合规衔接，规避出口清关、型式认证合规风险。
来源：欧盟委员会
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