2023年3月10日，欧盟官方公报发布针对ELV指令（2000/53/EC）的修订案，即：（EU）2023/544授权指令，正式发布关于机械加工用途的铝合金，铜合金及部分电池中的铅豁免更新情况进行发布，官方公报发布后20日正式实施：
鉴于技术和科学发展，欧洲委员会评估指令2000/53/EC附件II第2(c)(i)项所载关于机械加工用铝合金的豁免。这一评估得出的结论是，存在合适的替代品，但需要一段过渡期，以取代该豁免所涵盖的所有材料和部件中铅的用。在相关材料和部件中使用铅，包括在锻造铝中使用铅，将在2027年底前逐步淘汰。因此，为这项豁免规定一个届满日期是适当的。
欧洲委员会因应科技发展，评估指示2000/53/EC附件II第3项有关铜合金的豁免。这项评估得出的结论是，该豁免所涵盖的材料和部件中仍然没有合适的替代品来替代铅的使用。考虑到在开发有关材料和部件中铅的替代品方面取得的进展，为该豁免规定一个新的审查日期是适当的。
鉴于技术和科学发展，欧盟委员会评估了指令2000/53/EC附件II第5(b)项中关于电池中铅的豁免，该豁免涉及高压系统中的电池，不包括在该附件第5(a)项中。该评估得出的结论是，对于指令2000/53/EC附件II第5(a)项中未包含的电池应用，可以避免在某些应用中使用铅，但对于12v应用的电池则无法避免。为了对电池适用一致的监管框架，包括那些不属于指令2000/53/EC附件II第5(a)项规定的豁免范围且不应用于12v的电池，适当地提供两个单独的条目5(b)(i)和5(b)(ii)，而不是单一的条目5(b)。
条目5 (b) (i)应提供豁免在12 V电池中使用的铅和特殊目的工具中24V电池中使用的铅，根据欧洲议会和理事会法规(EU) 2018/858(7)第3条的定义。考虑到在开发有关电池中铅使用的替代品方面取得的进展，为这些豁免规定一个审查日期是适当的。
Materials and components 材料及部件 | Scope and expiry date of the exemption 豁免的范围和有效期 | To be labelled or made identifiable in accordance with Article 4(2), point (b)(iv) 根据第4(2)条(b)(iv)点进行标记或使其可识别 | ||
Lead as an alloying element | ||||
1(a). Steel for machining purposes and batch hot dip galvanised steel components containing up to 0,35 % lead by weight 含铅0.35%（重量比）的用于加工目的的钢和批量热镀锌钢部件 | ||||
1(b).Continuously galvanised steel sheet containing up to 0,35 % lead by weight 含铅0.35%（重量比）的连续镀锌钢板 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | |||
2(a). Aluminium for machining purposes with a lead content up to 2% by weight 含铅2%（重量比）的用于机械加工的铝 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2005 2005年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
2(b). Aluminium with a lead content up to 1,5 % by weight 含铅1.5%（重量比）的铝 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2008 2008年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
2(c)(i). Aluminium alloys for machining purposes with a lead content up to 0,4 % by weight 含铅0.4%（质量计）用于加工的铝合金 | Vehicles type-approved before 1 January 2028 and spare parts for these vehicles 2028年1月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
2(c)(ii). Aluminium alloys not included in entry 2(c)(i) with a lead content up to 0,4% by weight (2) 不在2(c)(i)条范围内含铅0.4%的铝合金 | (1) | |||
3. Copper alloys containing up to 4% lead by weight 含铅4%（质量计）的铜合金 | (3) | |||
4(a). Bearing shells and bushes 轴承外壳和衬套 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2008 2008年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
4(b). Bearing shells and bushes in engines,transmissions and air conditioning compressors 2008年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2011 2008年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
Lead and lead compounds in components 组件中的铅及其化合物 | ||||
5(a). Lead in batteries in high-voltage systems(4) that are used only for propulsion in M1 and N1 vehicles 仅用于M1和N1车辆推进的高压系统(4)中电池中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2019 and spare parts for these vehicles 2019年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X | ||
5(b)(i).Lead in batteries: (1)used in 12V applications (2)used in 24 V applications in special purpose vehicles as defined in Article 3 of Regulation (EU) 2018/858 (7) of the European Parliament and of the Council 5(b)(i).电池中使用的铅 (1)12V电池中使用的铅 (2) 根据欧洲议会和理事会法规(EU) 2018/858(7)第3条的定义，在特殊用途车辆中24 V电池使用的铅 | (3) | X | ||
5(b)(ii).Lead in batteries used in applications not included in entry 5(a) or entry 5(b)(i) 5(b)(ii)应用在电池中使用的铅不包括在5(a)或5(b)(i) | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2024 and spare parts for these vehicles 2024年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X | ||
6. Vibration dampers 减震器 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X | ||
7(a). Vulcanising agents and stabilisers for elastomers in brake hoses, fuel hoses, air ventilation hoses, elastomer/metal parts in the chassis applications, and engine mountings 硫化剂和稳定剂，被用于刹车软管、燃料软管、通风软管的弹性材料，以及底盘和引擎支撑的弹性材料/金属部分 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2005 2005年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
7(b). Vulcanising agents and stabilisers for elastomers in brake hoses, fuel hoses, air ventilation hoses, elastomer/metal parts in the chassis applications, and engine mountings containing up to 0,5 % lead by weight 含铅0.5%（重量比）的硫化剂和稳定剂，被用于刹车软管、燃料软管、通风软管的弹性材料，以及底盘和引擎支撑的弹性材料/金属部分 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2006 2006年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
7(c). Bonding agents for elastomers in powertrain applications containing up to 0,5 % lead by weight , 含铅0.5%（重量比）的用于传动系统的弹性体粘合剂 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2009 2009年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
8(a). Lead in solders to attach electrical and electronic components to electronic circuit boards and lead in finishes on terminations of components other than electrolyte aluminium capacitors, on component pins and on electronic circuit boards 连接电气电子元件到电子线路板上的焊料中的铅，以及零件终端（除电解铝电容器）、元件引脚和电子线路板的表面处理中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(5) | ||
8(b). Lead in solders in electrical applications other than soldering on electronic circuit boards or on glass 用于电气设备的焊料中的铅，除电子线路板或玻璃的焊料 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2011 and spare parts for these vehicles 2011年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(5) | ||
8(c). Lead in finishes on terminals of electrolyte aluminium capacitors 电解铝电容器终端的表面处理中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2013 and spare parts for these vehicles 2013年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(5) | ||
8(d). Lead used in soldering on glass in mass airflow sensors 用于大规模气流传感器中的玻璃中焊料的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2015 and spare parts of these vehicles 2015年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(5) | ||
8(e). Lead in high melting temperature type solders (i.e. lead-based alloys containing 85 % by weight or more lead) 高熔点焊料中的铅（也就是含铅量大于等于85%的铅基合金） | (1) | X(5) | ||
8(f)(i). Lead in compliant pin connector systems 顺应针连接器系统中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2017 and spare parts for these vehicles 2017年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(5) | ||
8(f)(ii). Lead in compliant pin connector systems other than the mating area of vehicle harness connectors 车辆线束连接器除外的顺应针连接器中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2024 and spare parts for these vehicles 2024年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X(5) | ||
8(g)(i). Lead in solders to complete a viable electrical connection between semiconductor die and carrier within integrated circuit flip chip packages 集成电路倒装芯片封装中，用于完成半导体模具和载体之间可行的电气连接的焊料中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 October 2022 and spare parts for these vehicles 2022年10月1日之前批准的车辆类型和这些车辆的备件 | X(5) | ||
8(g)(ii). Lead in solders to complete a viable electrical connection between the semiconductor die and the carrier within integrated circuit flip chip packages where that electrical connection consists of any of the following: (1) a semiconductor technology node of 90 nm or larger; (2) a single die of 300 mm₂ or larger in any semiconductor technology node; (3) stacked die packages with dies of 300 mm₂ or larger, or silicon interposers of 300mm₂ or larger. 在集成电路倒装芯片封装中，用于完成半导体模具和载体之间可行的电气连接的焊料中的铅，该电气连接包括以下任何一种: (1) 90纳米及以上的半导体技术节点; (2)在任何半导体技术节点中使用300 mm2或更大的单个晶片; (3) 300mm2以上模具或300 mm2以上硅插片的堆叠模组。 | (1) Vehicles type-approved from 1 October 2022 and spare parts for these vehicles 2022 年 10 月 1 日之后批准的车辆类型和这些车辆的备件 | X(5) | ||
8(h). Lead in solder to attach heat spreaders to the heat sink in power semiconductor assemblies with a chip size of at least 1 cm² of projection area and a nominal current density of at least 1 A/mm2 of silicon chip area 芯片投影尺寸至少25px 2 并且硅片区域标称电流密度至少1A/mm 2 的功率半导体组件中焊接散热器与散热片的焊料 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该日期后作为该类车辆的零配件 | X(5) | ||
8(i). Lead in solders in electrical glazing applications on glass except for soldering in laminated glazing 玻璃电釉应用中焊料中的铅，不包括层压玻璃焊料 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该日期后作为该类车辆的零配件 | X(5) | ||
8(j). Lead in solders for soldering of laminated glazing 层压玻璃焊料中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2020 and spare parts for these vehicles 2020年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该日期后作为该类车辆的零配件 | X(5) | ||
8(k). Soldering of heating applications with 0,5A or more of heat current per related solder joint to single panes of laminated glazings not exceeding wall thickness of 2,1 mm. This exemption does not cover soldering to contacts embedded in the intermediate polymer. 每个相关焊点的热流为0.5 a或以上的加热设备，可焊接到壁厚不超过2.1mm的单层层压玻璃上。此豁免不包括焊接嵌入中间聚合物的触点。 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2024 and spare parts for these vehicles 2024年1月1日前批准的车辆类型和这些车辆的备件 | X(5) | ||
9. Valve seats 气门座 | As spare parts for engine types developed before 1 July 2003 2003年7月1日前开发的发动机机型的零配件 | |||
10(a).Electrical and electronic components, which contain lead in a glass or ceramic, in a glass or ceramic matrix compound, in a glass-ceramic material, or in a glass-ceramic matrix compound. This exemption does not cover the use of lead in: (i) glass in bulbs and glaze of spark plugs, (ii) dielectric ceramic materials of components listed under 10(b), 10(c) and 10(d). 由含铅的玻璃材料、陶瓷材料或玻璃陶瓷基复合材料或微晶玻璃材料或微晶玻璃基复合材料所制成的电子电气设备。 以下含铅的使用不在豁免范围内： (i) 灯泡的玻璃和火花塞的釉面 (ii) 以下10(b),10(c)和10(d)所列出的介电陶瓷材料的零部件 | X(6) (for components other than piezo in engines) X(6)(用于发动机中压电元件以外的部件) | |||
10(b). Lead in PZT based dielectric ceramic materials of capacitors being part of integrated circuits or discrete semiconductors 集成电路或离散半导体中的电容器，其基于电介质陶瓷材料的压电陶瓷中的铅 | ||||
10(c). Lead in dielectric ceramic materials of capacitors with a rated voltage of less than 125V AC or 250V DC 额定电压低于125伏特交流电或250伏特直流电的电容器，其电介质陶瓷材料中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2016 and spare parts for these vehicles 2016年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | |||
10(d). Lead in the dielectric ceramic materials of capacitors compensating the temperature-related deviations of sensors in ultrasonic sonar systems 平衡超声波声纳系统中的温度差异传感器的电容器，其电介质陶瓷材料中的铅 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2017 and spare parts for these vehicles 2017年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该日期后作为该类车辆的零配件 | |||
11. Pyrotechnic initiators 点火装置 | Vehicles type approved before 1 July 2006 and spare parts for these vehicles 2006年7月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X
| ||
12.Lead-containing thermoelectric materials in automotive electrical applications to reduce CO2 emissions by recuperation of exhaust heat 汽车电子应用中通过回收废热来减少二氧化碳排放的的含铅热电材料 | Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2019 and spare parts for these vehicles 2019年1月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该类车辆的零配件 | X | ||
Hexavalent chromium 六价铬 | ||||
13(a). Corrosion preventive coatings 防腐涂层 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2007 2007年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
13(b). Corrosion preventive coatings related to bolt and nut assemblies for chassis applications 底盘上应用的有关螺母和螺钉的防腐涂层 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 1 July 2008 2008年7月1日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
14. Hexavalent chromium as an anti-corrosion agent of the carbon steel cooling system in absorption refrigerators up to 0,75 % by weight in the cooling solution: (a) designed to operate fully or partly with electrical heater, having an average utilised electrical power input < 75W at constant running conditions; (b) designed to operate fully or partly with electrical heater, having an average utilised electrical power input ≥ 75W at constant running conditions; (c) designed to fully operate with non-electrical heater. 六价铬作为吸收式冰箱中碳钢冷却系统的防腐剂，在冷却溶液中含量不超过0.75%： (a) 设计为完全或部分与电加热器一起运行，在恒定运行条件下，平均利用电功率输入<75W； (b) 设计为完全或部分与电加热器一起运行，具有平均利用电功率输入≥ 恒定运行条件下为75W； (c) 设计用于与非电加热器一起完全运行。 | For (i): Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2020 and spare parts for these vehicles For (ii): Vehicles type approved before 1 January 2026 and spare parts for these vehicles 对于 (i)：2020年1月1日之前批准的车辆类型和这些车辆的备件 对于 (ii)：2026年1月1日之前批准的车辆类型和这些车辆的备件 | X | ||
Mercury 汞 | ||||
15(a). Discharge lamps for headlight application 前照灯用的放电灯 | Vehicles type approved before 1 July 2012 and spare parts for these vehicles 2012年7月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该等车辆的零配件 | X | ||
15(b). Fluorescent tubes used in instrument panel displays 仪器面板显示器使用的日光灯 | Vehicles type approved before 1 July 2012 and spare parts for these vehicles 2012年7月1日前获得型式认可的车辆及该等车辆的零配件 | X | ||
Cadmium 镉 | ||||
16. Batteries for electrical vehicles 电动汽车用电池 | As spare parts for vehicles put on the market before 31 December 2008 2008年12月31日前上市的车辆零配件 | |||
Notes to the table:
1. This exemption shall be reviewed in 2024.
2. Applies to aluminium alloys where lead is not intentionally introduced, but is present due to the use of recycled aluminium.
3. This exemption shall be reviewed in 2025.
4. Systems that have a voltage of > 75 V DC as provided for in Article 1 of Directive 2014/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits (OJ L 96, 29.3.2014, p. 357).
5. Dismantling if, in correlation with entry 10(a), an average threshold of 60 grams per vehicle is exceeded. For the purposes of this note electronic devices not installed by the manufacturer on the production line shall not be taken into account.
6. Dismantling if, in correlation with entries 8(a) to 8(j), an average threshold of 60 grams per vehicle is exceeded. For the purposes of this note electronic devices not installed by the manufacturer on the production line shall not be taken into account.
7. Regulation (EU) 2018/858 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 on the approval and market surveillance of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles, amending Regulations (EC) No 715/2007 and (EC) No 595/2009 and repealing Directive 2007/46/EC (OJ L151,14.6.2018, p.1).
备注:
1. 这项豁免将在2024年进行审查。
2. 适用于非有意添加铅却因使用回收铝导致含铅的铝合金。
3. 这项豁免将于2025年进行审查。
4. 电压＞75 V DC系统是指根据欧洲议会和理事会2014年2月26日指令2014/35/EU第1条规定的，关于协调成员国在市场上提供设计用于某些电压限制的电气设备的法律(OJ L 96, 29.3.2014, p. 357).
5.如果与第10(a)条相关，且超过每辆车60g的平均极限值，则需要分解。对本条款的应用，如果电子设备不是在制造商生产线上安装的，则不用考虑本条款。
6. 如果与第8(a)到第8(j)条相关，且超过每辆车60g的平均极限值，则需要分解。对本条款的应用，如果电子设备不是在制造商生产线上安装的，则不用考虑本条款。
7．2018年5月30日欧洲议会和理事会第(EU) 2018/858号条例，关于机动车辆及其挂车以及用于此类车辆的系统、组件和单独技术单元的批准和市场监督，修订第(EC) 715/2007号和第(EC) 595/2009号条例，并废除第2007/46/EC号指令(OJ L 151,14.6.2018，第1页)。
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